Principle
of Operation
The
reflectance of an oil film is greater than that of
water. From this property the presence of oil can
be detected by applying a light beam of constant intensity
to the water surface and then measuring the intensity
of the reflected light.
A
laser tube emits light at a perpendicular angle to
the water surface. The laser beam passes through a
hole in the centre of a concave mirror and strikes
the water surface. Since the water/oil surface normally
has ripples, the light is reflected in various directions
from the incident point and strikes a large diameter
(180mm) precision concave mirror which focuses the
light onto a photodiode sensor located at the focal
point. The focused light is then converted to an electrical
signal. To remove the effect of interferences such
as sunlight, the laser beam is pulsed using a chopper
motor. The inner wall of this instrument is protected
from irregular reflections and a solid, recessed glass
plate at the bottom protects the concave mirror and
sensor.
The
pulsed photodiode output is sent to the peak detector
via an AC amplifier and then to a peak hold circuit.
When high peaks are continuously detected for a fixed
period an alarm contact is activated. A 4-20mA output
signal is coupled to model ZO-12 transmitter to drive
a recorder (optional) and alarm device (optional)
after further signal processing.
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